The present perfect is formed from the present tense of the verb have and the past participle of a verb.
We use "present perfect" in these situations:
for something that started in the past and continues in the present:
They've been married for nearly fifty years. She has lived in Liverpool all her life.
when we are talking about our experience up to the present:
I've seen that film before. I've played the guitar ever since I was a teenager. He has written three books and he is working on another one.
We often use the adverb ever to talk about experience up to the present:
My last birthday was the worst day I have ever had.
and we use never for the negative form:
Have you ever met George? Yes, but I've never met his wife.
for something that happened in the past but is important in the present:
I can't get in the house. I've lost my keys. Teresa isn't at home. I think she has gone shopping.
have been OR have gone?
When , HOw ?
We use have/has been when someone has gone to a place and returned:
A: Where have you been? B: I've just been out to the supermarket.
A: Have you ever been to San Francisco? B: No, but I've been to Los Angeles.
But when someone has not returned, we use have/has gone:
A: Where's Maria? I haven't seen her for weeks. B: She's gone to Paris for a week. She'll be back tomorrow.
More examples: (summary)
I have been to Tokyo.(experience)
They have visited Paris three times.(experience)
We have never seen that film.(experience)
I've known Karen since 1994.(unfinished action)
She's lived in London for three years.(unfinished action)
I've worked here for six months.(unfinished action)
I think I have seen that movie before.(experience)
He has never traveled by train.(experience)
The rain hasn't stopped.(unfinished action)
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